Apostolic Fathers

The Seven Letters of Ignatius

Ignatius of Antioch · c. 107 – 110

Historical Context

Written while Ignatius travelled under guard from Antioch to martyrdom in Rome, addressed to six local churches and to Polycarp of Smyrna.

Summary

Ignatius urges unity around the bishop, presbyters, and deacons, defends the reality of Christ's flesh against early docetism, and embraces his coming martyrdom as union with Christ. His letters give the earliest clear evidence of the threefold ministry and use the word 'Catholic Church.'

Major Themes

  • Monepiscopacy
  • Eucharistic realism
  • Anti-docetism
  • Martyrdom
  • Unity of the Church

Important Quotations

Where the bishop appears, there let the people be, just as where Jesus Christ is, there is the Catholic Church.
Smyrnaeans 8
I am the wheat of God, and I am ground by the teeth of the wild beasts that I may be found the pure bread of Christ.
Romans 4

Related Timeline Events

Related Church Fathers

Related Doctrines

Primary Sources

Further Reading

  • Allen Brent, Ignatius of Antioch: A Martyr Bishop and the Origin of Episcopacy
  • William Schoedel, Ignatius of Antioch (Hermeneia)