Sacred Geography

The geography of Christianity

Where the faith was preached, where councils met, where communions divided and reunited — the map of two thousand years, in words.

1st Century

The Apostolic World

From Jerusalem the Gospel spreads along the Roman roads and shipping lanes of the Mediterranean — north into Asia Minor and Greece, south to Alexandria, and west to Rome itself.

JerusalemAntiochAlexandriaEphesusCorinthRome
4th–5th Century

The Pentarchy

Five ancient sees — the great mother churches — order the unified Church: Rome in the Latin West, Constantinople as the New Rome, and the apostolic thrones of Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem in the East.

RomeConstantinopleAlexandriaAntiochJerusalem
451

The Oriental Communion

After Chalcedon, the Coptic, Syriac, Armenian, Ethiopian, and Indian churches confess the same Christology in a different terminology — the Oriental Orthodox family, unbroken to the present day.

AlexandriaAntiochEtchmiadzinAksumKerala
1054

The Great Schism

Centuries of political, liturgical, and theological divergence culminate in mutual excommunications between Rome and Constantinople. The Latin West and the Byzantine East go their separate ways.

RomeConstantinople
16th Century

The Reformation

Wittenberg, Geneva, Zurich, and Canterbury become the seedbeds of Lutheran, Reformed, Radical, and Anglican Christianity — reshaping Western Christendom in a generation.

WittenbergGenevaZurichCanterburyStrasbourg
18th–19th Century

Missions and the New World

Catholic, Orthodox, and Protestant missions carry the faith to the Americas, Africa, and Asia. The Russian Orthodox mission crosses the Bering Strait into Alaska.

BeijingSitkaSeramporeCape TownBuenos Aires
Today

The Global Church

The historical center of gravity has shifted south and east. Christianity's fastest growth is now in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia, while the ancient sees continue to shepherd worldwide communions.

KinshasaLagosSeoulManilaSão Paulo

Illuminated map plates are forthcoming.